組織目標模糊量表(簡稱OGA量表)

當你的研究需調研企業組織目標是否模糊，而導致成員對組織的理解不一致，進而影響組織的運作時，就可以考慮使用OGA量表。

什麼是組織目標模糊量表？

組織目標模糊（Organizational Goal Ambiguit，簡稱OGA），Chun & Rainey(2005)將組織目標模糊定義為組織目標上留有解釋餘地的空間，倘若組織目標模糊越高，意即對目標可能存在多種不同的理解。而目標模糊主包含兩個部份：第一部份是目標衝突，組織通常有多重目標相互之間可能存在衝突；第一部份是目標本身模糊，一些組織目標在制訂之時有意製造模糊空間。Rainey, Pandey & Bozeman (1995) 針對組織目標模糊量表進行修正，總共為3個條目。

組織目標模糊量表的計分方式

將受試者感受、反應及認同程度為評定指標，採用五點量表級分方法。其標準為“1” 表示非常不同意；“2”表示不同意；“3” 表示普通；“4”表示同意；“5”表示非常同意。

組織目標模糊問卷的題目

1.    組織使命幾乎對所有人都是清晰的（反向題）

①非常不同意②不同意③普通④同意⑤非常同意

2.    將組織目標解釋給組織外的人是容易的（反向題）

①非常不同意②不同意③普通④同意⑤非常同意

3.    組織擁有清晰定義的目標（反向題）

①非常不同意②不同意③普通④同意⑤非常同意

問卷出處：

1.        Rainey, H. G.，Pandey, S.，& Bozeman, B. (1995). Research note-public and private managers perceptions of red tape. Public Administration Review，55(6）, 567-574.

2.        Chun, Y. H., & Rainey, H. G. (2005). Goal ambiguity in U.S. federal agencies. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 15 (1), 1-30.

本期，為大家推薦2篇應用OGA量表的英文論文，觸類旁通，總有一篇啟發你的學術靈感！

Goal Ambiguity in U.S. Federal Agencies

Chun, Y. H. (2005).

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 15(1), 1–30.

Keyword：Goal Ambiguity ；

Abstract：Observations that government organizations have particularly high levels of organizational goal ambiguity, and that this goal ambiguity has major influences on their other characteristics, abound in the literature on public bureaucracy. Few researchers, however, have developed quantified measures of goal ambiguity and tested these frequent assertions with large samples of government organizations. We develop measures of four dimensions of goal ambiguity: mission comprehension ambiguity, directive goal ambiguity, evaluative goal ambiguity, and priority goal ambiguity. Confirming hypotheses developed from the literature on public organizations, the last three variables show relations to organizational age, financial publicness (proportion of funding from government allocations), competing demands, policy problem complexity, and regulatory status. The success of the measures of goal ambiguity demonstrates the feasibility of measuring the concept and conducting empirical tests of observations that are often repeated without such testing, and will support further theoretical and methodological development of this important topic.

The Benefits of Bureaucracy：Public Managers’ Perceptions of Political Support, Goal Ambiguity, and Organizational Effectiveness.

Stazyk, E. C., & Goerdel, H. T. (2010).

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 21(4), 645–672.

Keyword：Political Support；Goal Ambiguity；Organizational Effectiveness

Abstract：Public organizations rely extensively on sources of support—political and otherwise—external to themselves to ensure continued success in meeting policy goals. The resource-dependent nature of political-administrative relations can create performance problems for organizations, especially when perceptions of political support decline. Previous literature demonstrates how low levels of political support may amplify goal ambiguity for organizations in the public sphere. We argue that these organizations benefit from hierarchical authority, which can diffuse environmental uncertainties (such as those associated with increased goal ambiguity) to maintain performance. We develop a test of this claim using data collected in Phase II of the National Administrative Studies Project. Findings confirm a contingent model of performance in which low political support and increased goal ambiguity are counteracted by varying degrees of internal hierarchical authority.